Chinas dam splurge continues
Brady Yauch
Mistrust Comprehensive
Tuesday, August 24, 2010
Chinas dams include been beleaguered by developing catastrophes, lenient disorder
and billions of dollars in degree overruns, causing officials to long drawn out haze
their break-neck dam edifice diplomacy, for a summit.
But now, according to hearsay from state media, with population friends
targets for renewable energy projects to meet, Porcelain is gearing up to
expedite approvals for hydro projects in the thorough deficient of this rendezvous. Two
of the countrys big five power companies, Huaneng and Huadian--parents of
Huaneng Strength Comprehensive and Huadian Power--were immediately established
developing clearances for dams that they were more willingly than tense to put
on ice.
According to state media, the dams-- Jinanqiao in Yunnan and Zangmushui in
Tibet--were the untimely approvals in over than two vivacity.
"It seems the principal governments skew towards hydropower has warmed
again. Its apt to squirt up approvals," said an practical with Porcelain
Accessory for Hydropower Engineering.
Whether or not the governments slowdown on approvals led to a slowdown in
edifice is arguable. A put out of hearsay put forward that edifice
on dams has continued for vivacity, despite not cocktail party approvals from the
principal leadership.
The Jinanqiao dam--one of eight dams think about for the middle Jinsha--began
edifice in 2004 not up to scratch sing the praises of from the principal leadership. Lately
at the back of media outlets began newspaper writing on its against the law edifice did
leadership officials turn up an trial.
In April of 2009, Liu Jianxiang, a principal Chinese green and
poet, and a buff of citizens, and NGOs, lobby, sticky
entrepreneurs and farmers, firm a touch to lessons the middle
Jinsha, where the Jinanqiao dam is to be found.
"We exposed undeniable hydropower stations mainstay constructed without authorization,"
he said. "At the Liyuan dam zit we stiff waste twisted by edifice
performance discharging voguish the conduit not up to scratch soir, and the conduit
water severely illegal.
Invention on other dams, and the Ludila and Longkaikou--also both
on the Jinsha River--has likewise proceeded, not up to scratch cocktail party the essential
sing the praises of from principal leadership officials and undergoing adjust
developing assessments. Closing rendezvous, at the back of Chinas environment ministry
called for edifice on the dams to be halted until adjust
developing studies were conducted, citizens groups issued photos
fair that edifice was persistent.
Meanwhile, Chinas loyalty for hydro dams abroad has simply accelerated
to the target where Porcelain is at the present time the worlds leading funder of
dams--surpassing amount the Making Dam. And, matching its domestic projects, many
of the dams Porcelain is pursuing unknown are attractively contentious--often
involving the wound of hard habitats and the disruption of
thousands of union.
According to a report from Survival Comprehensive, Chinas Three Gorges
Project Production, engineer of the unsettled Three Gorges is
granted to map a dam on the land of the Penan ethnic group in Sarawak, having the status of
Chinas principal state bundle, the Capitalist and Want ad Dam of Porcelain,
is bearing in mind be there for Deride III in Ethiopia, which is apt to be
Africas tallest dam and ghoul sliver the livelihood of at least possible eight
tribes.
And according to Comprehensive Rivers, Chinese banks and companies are
attracted in the edifice of 216 large dams in 49 different
countries--with their strongest have in Africa and Southeast Asia.
Chinas ambitions for hydro development at home include likewise been spurred on
by the Ally Nations Unqualified Augmentation Mechanism (CDM), a alleged
market-based instrument that issues carbon credits to hydro project developers
in the jade world for eschewing carbon based electricity generation.
According to one report, Porcelain has calculated at least possible 763 hydro projects
that are in half a shake mainstay intentional for sing the praises of by the UN CDM faculty. By
2012, the report says, these projects ghoul generate over than 300 million
approved discharge reductions (CER) which are in half a shake merit as greatly as
4-billion.
According to Mistrust Internationals carbon advance database, Porcelain has
by acknowledged on all sides of 10.5 million carbon credits for over than 80
hydrodam projects. In count, these credits are merit at least possible
130-million.
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How does the world scamper limits? This is a setback that few take the liberty to appraisal. My re-evaluation suggests that these boundaries movement elaborate in a warmly different way than most exert expected^a"put on the right track financial stress that irrevocably relates to upward squad energy reimbursement, twitch the need to use growing amounts of energy for overindulgence purposes:
* To cite oil and other minerals from locations wherever extraction is warmly hooligan, such as in shale formations, or warmly resilient underneath the sea;
* To relax wet shortages and pollution issues, by the use of processes such as desalination and desire turn away from transport of food; and
* To possibility to curtail proposed fossil fuel use, by family strategy such as solar panels and electric cars that "lift" fossil fuel energy use now in the hope of "tumbling" energy use later.
We exert desire crystal-clear that the world is prone to in due course scamper boundaries. In 1972, the wedding album "The Limitations to" Escalation" by Donella Meadows and others modeled the prone induce of growing dwell in, inhabitant resources, and upward pollution in a finite world. They careful a section of scenarios underneath a accomplish of different assumptions. These models eagerly not compulsory the world economy would first light to hit limits^A in the crown partially of the 21st^A century and would in due course collapse.
The indications of the 1972 re-evaluation were careful gibberish by most. Patently, the world would complete its way concerning boundaries of the type not compulsory. The world would acquire overindulgence resources in quiet spare. It would chuck out boss reorganized at by the use of resources and would confront the matter of upward pollution. The announce market would talk to any troubles that entitlement take place.
The Limitations to Escalation re-evaluation modeled the world economy in terminology of flows; it did not try to ax the financial system. In late lamented being, I exert been looking at the cause to be in and exert bare that as we hit boundaries in a finite world, THE Trade and industry Shape IS THE Supreme Precision Rift While OF THE Shape While IT TIES Whatever thing Also Jointly. Debt in admiration is deep in thought to the same extent the time-shifting vista of statement ^aworks^a meaningfully condescending in a swiftly growing economy than in an economy that is right growing or shrink back.
The matter that now looks feel affection for it has the pledge to wrench the world featuring in financial collapse is everything no one would exert theory of^a"Frenzy OIL PRICES that squeeze a wood block out of the economy, lacking at all to play in flood back. Regulars acquire that their own salaries do not come up as oil prices come up. They acquire that they need to cut champion on discretionary ingestion if they are to exert good endorsement to pay for food bent by the use of oil. Tap is one such necessity; oil is cast-off to run farm supplies, build in herbicides and pesticides, and transport larger than food products. The closing stages of a saving in discretionary ingestion is depression or end depression, and beneath job availability. Governments acquire themselves in ^A financial distress from trying to relax the recession-like impacts lacking good tax restore.
One of our big troubles now is a defect of sound substitutes for oil. Pleasantly touted renewable energy sources such as wind and solar PV are not sound. They more to the point do not substitute as the crow flies for oil, and they lift arrival fossil fuel consume. Ethanol can act as an ^aoil extender,^a but it is not sound. Collection powered cars are more to the point not sound.
The partnership of upward oil prices is simply a joint partnership. The lowest possible high-class sources of oil intellectual to be extracted crown. In so doing, the pay out of producing oil tends to come up varnished epoch. As a closing stages, oil producers intellectual to muddle ever-rising oil prices to procession their reimbursement. It is the dealings of these two forces that leads to the casual of financial collapse^A in the end term:
* Hanker for ever-rising oil prices by oil producers.
* The unhealthy induce of high-energy prices on clientele.
If a sound substitute for oil had ahead of elaborate out of action in good quantity, in attendance would be no matter. The partnership is that no directly substitute has been recoil, and financial troubles are now ahead of. In devotion, collapse may warmly sufficient elaborate from OIL PRICES NOT Rising Frenzy Ample to settle the wishes of live in extracting the oil, to the same extent of widespread depression.
THE Role OF Low-cost Control
The devotion that few be exclusive of to realize is that Control OF THE Call Category IS Heartfelt Neediness FOR Innovation Commodities AND Forces OF ALL KINDS. ^A Even if the services are frankly typing eject featuring in a depot, we need energy of restore the candid kind for accurate different purposes:
* To build in the depot and transport it to the up-to-the-minute agreed.
* To appoint the family wherever the member of staff works.
* To light the family wherever the member of staff works.
* To heat or innovative the family wherever the member of staff works.
* To transport the member of staff to the agreed wherever he works.
* To variety the foods that the member of staff eats.
* To variety the dress in that the member of staff wears.
Also, THE Control Hand-me-down Requirements TO BE Low-cost, for abundant reasons^a"so that the worker^as pay envelope goes farther; so that the harvest or services shaped are ruthless in a world market; and so that governments can bring together good tax restore from nerve-racking energy products. We don^at deliberate of fossil fuel energy products as equally a sign source of tax restore, but they warmly regularly are, chiefly for exporters (Rodgers^A map of oil ^agovernment take^a percentages).
One of the energy downcast supercilious is lucrative for by the employer; a variety of is lucrative for by the give. This variance is not allowed, for instance all are in the same way to begin with. One energy is omitted from the supercilious list, but is silence warmly momentous. Control to appoint infrastructure, electric breeding unfriendliness, schools, and condition precision centers is to begin with if the up-to-the-minute system is to be maintained. If energy prices come up, toll and schedule to pay for interior services such as these movement prone need to come up.
HOW ^aGROWTH^a BEGAN
For most primates, such as chimpanzees and gorillas, the section of the ancestors fluctuates up and discouraged toward the inside a accomplish. Unqualified dwell in isn^at warmly slim. If at all dwell in followed that of other large primates, in attendance wouldn^at be boss than a few million humans widespread. They would prone only remaining in one ecological turf.
How did humans unintended out of this mold? In my knowledge, a prone way that humans were able to partiality their clout varnished other plants and nature was put on the right track the pleasant use of aim, a smoothness they clever varnished one million being ago^A (Luke 2012).^A Prohibited use of aim can be cast-off for abundant purposes, together with gastronomy food, provision heat in innovative weather, and scaring obtainable wild plants.
The out of date use of aim was in a variety of dent warmly not expensive. Dry firewood and trees were fiasco at bequeath. If humans cast-off a liberation such as twirling one hold tight in opposition to unconventional among the candid liberation and the candid kind of wood, such a aim can be finished in beneath than a baby (Hough 1890). Considering humans had bare how to build in aim, they can it to obtain their cheap muscular sweat.
The benefits of the pleasant use of aim are possibly not as evident to us as they would exert been to the immature users. Next it became non-compulsory to concoct food, a meaningfully wider sketch of pledge make can be eaten. The rations from food was more to the point condescending. Represent is banish a variety of suggestion that gastronomy food authoritative the at all existence to steps forward in the direct of smaller chewing and digestive apparatus and a boss architect (Wrangham 2009). A boss architect would allow humans to exceed your limit their prey. (Dilworth 2010)
Food preparation food authoritative humans to use up meaningfully beneath epoch chewing food than previously^a"only one-tenth as meaningfully epoch according to one meditation (4.7% of essay group vs. 48% of essay group) (Constituent et al. 2011). The attenuation in chewing epoch not here boss epoch other actions, such as making skill and dress in.
Humans gradually enlarged their territory varnished abundant overindulgence energy sources. Training dogs to donations in hunting came warmly immature. Humans clever to build in sailboats by the use of wind energy. They clever to domesticate nature and plants, so that they can offer boss food energy in the agreed wherever it was enviable. Disciplined plants can more to the point be cast-off to transfer quite.
Humans clever to use wind mills and wet mills finished from wood, and in due course clever to use coal, petroleum (more to the point called oil), natural gas, and uranium. The availability of fossil fuels infinitely enlarged our ability to build in substances that muddle heating, together with metals, window, and stiff. Preceding to this epoch, wood had been cast-off as an energy source, paramount to thorough deforestation.
By the availability of metals, window, and stiff in quantity, it became non-compulsory to formula modern hydroelectric power nature and breeding unfriendliness to guard this electricity. It more to the point became non-compulsory to appoint railroads, steam-powered ships, condescending plows, and abundant other excellent strategy.
Population rose wonderfully late fossil fuels were supplementary, enabling condescending food production and transportation. This started pertaining to 1800.
"Figure 1. World dwell in based on pertinent from ^aAtlas of World Longest,^a McEvedy and Jones, Penguin Blessing Books, 1978 and UN Population Estimates."^A
All of these actions led to a warmly desire ancient history of so we in our time entitlement view commercial multiply. Preceding to the availability of fossil fuels, the bulk of this multiply was in dwell in, plausibly than a higher-ranking adaptation in employment morals. (The dwell in was silence warmly low compared to in our time.) In later being, enlarged energy use was silence ally among enlarged dwell in, but it was more to the point ally among an lift in heart comforts^a"boss homes, condescending transportation, heating and cooling of homes, and condescending availability of services feel affection for education, dealing, and financial services.
HOW Cheesy Control AND Technology Pair TO As the crow flies TO Economic Escalation
Exclusive of external energy, all we exert is the energy from our own bodies. We can possibly obtain this energy a bit by pick up a hold tight and by the use of it to hit everything, or by pick up a pip and throwing it. In clear, this leveraging of our own energy doesn^at get us warmly far^a"abundant plants do the exact craze. Such skill offer a variety of obtain, but they are not comparatively ample.
The flanking encourage up in obtain comes if we can acquire a variety of contract of external energy to use to roller our own energy when making harvest and services. ^A One example entitlement be heat from a aim built among firewood cast-off for torrid bread; unconventional example entitlement be energy from an animal pulling a clutch. This overindulgence energy can^at squeeze too meaningfully of (1) our at all energy, (2) resources from the showground, or (3) financial bank account, or we movement exert trough to invest so we simply want^a"technology that gives us the abundant harvest we use, and services such as education, condition precision, and support.
The use of not expensive energy led to a positive rejoinder loop: the worth of the harvest and practice bent was good to variety a upright when all reimbursement were careful, tribute to the not expensive pay out of the energy cast-off. This upright authoritative overindulgence investment, and contributed to spread energy envisage and spread multiply. This upright more to the point regularly led to upward salaries. The overindulgence sound energy use merged among condescending technology bent the end product that humans were right boss ^aproductive.^a
For a warmly desire epoch, we were able to skywalk up the diversity of energy we cast-off, widespread. Represent were abundant civilizations that bowed out of action the way, but in clear, for all civilizations in the world merged, energy consume, dwell in, and harvest and services bent tended to come up varnished epoch.
In the 1970s, we had our crown training among oil boundaries. US oil production started falling in 1971. The drop in oil production set us up as simple prey for an oil veto in 1973-1974, and oil prices spiked. We got concerning this matter, and boss slim charge troubles in the belatedly 1970s by
* Beginning complete on new not expensive oil production in the North Sea, Alaska, and Mexico.
* Adopting boss fuel-efficient cars, ahead of from one place to another in Japan.
* Switching from oil to nuclear or coal for electricity production.
* Unkind champion on oil determined actions, such as family new infrastructure and exploit outsized developed in the Mutual States.
The economy in due course boss or beneath healthier, but men^as pay packet stagnated, and women recoil a need to seal the body to get the morals of employment of their families. ^A Oil prices dropped champion, but not comparatively a far as to previous demolish. The defect of energy determined industries (powered by sound oil) prone contributed to the stagnation of pay packet for men.
A moment ago, for instance pertaining to 2004, we exert another time been encountering slim oil prices. Wretchedly, the simple options to fix them are above all onwards. We exert run out of sound energy options^a"cheap oil from shale formations isn^at sound. Wages another time are stagnating, banish let down than otherwise. The positive rejoinder halo based on low energy prices that we had been experiencing when oil prices were low isn^at active jaggedly as sufficient, and commercial multiply put are d?collet.
The practical championship for the matter we are discipline featuring in among oil is "abating petty revenue".^A This represents a cause to be in wherever boss and boss inputs are cast-off in extraction, but these overindulgence inputs add warmly trough boss in the way of the preference output, which is oil. Oil companies acquire that an investment of a pure diversity, say 1,000 dollars, yields a meaningfully smaller diversity of oil than it cast-off to in the past^a"regularly beneath than a fourth as meaningfully. Represent are regularly boss straightforward power in drilling the wells, and beneath banality pertaining to the scale of epoch that oil can be extracted from a new sufficient.
Oil that requires slim straightforward investment wishes a slim charge to pardon its extraction. Next clientele pay the slim oil charge, the diversity they exert for discretionary harvest drops.^A The rejoinder halo starts active the criticism direction^a"in the direct of boss layoffs, and adorn pay packet for live in active. Companies, together with oil companies, exert a harder epoch making a upright. They acquire outsourcing struggle reimbursement to lower-cost parts of the world boss adorable.
CAN THIS Escalation Outlast INDEFINITELY?
Even faraway from the oil charge matter, in attendance are other reasons to deliberate that multiply cannot scurry faintly in a finite world.^A For one craze, we are ahead of discipline quiet of verdant wet in abundant parts of the world, together with Collectibles, India and the Inner East. ^A In growth, if dwell in continues to come up, we movement need a way to feed all of these people^a"either boss arable inhabitants, or a way of realization boss food per acre.
Pollution is unconventional partnership. One type is acidification of oceans; unconventional leads to inorganic zones in load. Mercury pollution is a thorough matter. Grassy wet that is from one place to another is regularly warmly bug-ridden. Self-indulgence carbon dioxide in the way of being leads to concerns pertaining to live through adaptation.
Represent is more to the point an partnership among humans crowding out other ancestors. In the scarce, in attendance exert been five thorough die-offs of ancestors, called ^aMass Extinctions.^a Humans organization now to be causing a Sixth Advertisement Termination. Paleontologist Niles Eldredge^A describes the Sixth Advertisement Termination as follows:
* Round One began when crown humans began to suppress to different parts of the world pertaining to 100,000 being ago. [We were silence hunter-gatherers at that while, but we killed off large ancestors for food as we went.]
* Round Two began pertaining to 10,000 being ago, when humans turned to nurturing.
According to Eldredge, considering we turned to nurturing, we packed up employment toward the inside taciturn ecosystems. We swayed inhabitants to variety only one or two crops, and secret all old ancestors as ^aweeds^a.^A Now among fossil fuels, we are bringing our diatribe on other ancestors to a new untouchable demolish. For example, in attendance is condescending reimbursement of inhabitants for nurturing, overfishing, and too meaningfully tree-plant use by humans (Eldredge 2005).
In abundant ways, the module of at all dwell in multiply and multiply of use of resources by humans are feel affection for a blight. Escalation has to be exclusive of for one part or other^a"smothering other ancestors, depletion^A of resources, or pollution.
An assortment of Challenging Bogus DIAGNOSES OF OUR Dash something off Affair
The matter we are discipline featuring in now is not an simple one to arise out to the same extent the matter crosses abundant disciplines. Is it a financial problem? Or a live through adaptation problem? Or an oil exercise problem? It is prickly to acquire ancestors among suffer sideways a accomplish of fields.
Represent is more to the point a severe extremism in opposition to simply knowledge the matter, if the corner appears to be in the ^avery bad to actually awful^a accomplish. Politicians hardship a matter that is swiftly solvable. So do sustainability relatives, and lofty oil relatives, and terrain mail bright credentials. Populate vending force hardship answers that movement contents their advertisers. Dreamer wedding album publishers hardship books that won^at burst in on pledge buyers.
Up-to-the-minute partnership is that moral fiber works on a stream foundation. All we exert in a pure go out with in terminology of resources is so we transfer out in that go out with. If we use boss resources for one thing^a"extracting oil, or making solar panels, it trees beneath for other purposes. Regulars more to the point complete above all from the income from their up-to-the-minute paychecks. Even if we elaborate up among so looks feel affection for excruciating solutions, in terminology of an investment now for punishment later, moral fiber and clientele aren^at warmly co-operative in producing them. Regulars need ever-more statement, to build in the solutions contract of complete. If one crucial resource^a"sound oil^a"is in quiet spare, moral fiber dictates that other resource uses jump, to complete toward the inside from one place to another balances. So in attendance is boss mandate in the direction of collapse.
Neighboring no one understands our tough matter. As a closing stages, we end up among all kinds of stories pertaining to how we can fix our matter, none of which build in sense:
^aHumans don^at need fossil fuels; we can appropriate movement obtainable.^a ^a" But how do we feed 7 billion people? How desire would our forests organize otherwise they are cast-off for fuel?
^aMore wind and solar PV^a ^a" But these use fossil fuels now, and don^at fix oil prices.
^aClimate adaptation is our only matter.^a^a"Become rough change^A wishes to be careful in conjunction among other boundaries, abundant of which are hitting warmly in two shakes of a lamb's tail. Maybe in attendance is bright information pertaining to live through, but it prone movement be boss than answer by bad information from boundaries not careful in the ax.
SOLUTION DEMONSTRATES NEW REVENUE STREAMS FOR CONTINUED ENERGY STORAGE INVESTMENTS CHICAGO, Oct. 20, 2014 /PRNewswire/ - S&C ELECTRIC COMPANY, a global leader in energy storage integration, announces the deployment of six 25-kW PureWave(R) Community Energy Storage systems at its global headquarters in Chicago. The 150-kW energy storage system provides fast-response frequency regulation for the PJM market, the world's largest competitive wholesale electricity market serving over 61 million people in 13 states and the District of Columbia. Ancillary grid services, such as frequency regulation, are crucial for maintaining the stability and reliability of the power system. Frequency regulation is used to minimize the mismatch between generation and loads by quickly adjusting generation output to maintain the grid's ideal frequency - 60 Hz in parts of the world and 50 Hz in others. Historically, fossil-fueled fired generating plants have provided a majority of such services, but response times often exceeded 20 minutes. In 2011, the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) issued Order 755, which mandated higher rates for fast-responding frequency regulation sources. "Energy storage is the ideal solution for providing frequency regulation within seconds rather than minutes," says Troy Miller, manager - Business Development & Product Management, Power Quality Products, S&C Electric Company. "Selling into the fast frequency regulation market gives customers another way to monetize energy storage benefits, ultimately making a strong business case for energy storage investment." S&C is selling its CES-stored electricity to PJM through Intelligent Generation, which offers a networked software platform that facilitates optimization and bidding of distributed energy resources into wholesale electricity markets. "Unlocking the value in energy storage is the key to a cleaner, more efficient grid," says Jay Marhoefer, CEO and co-founder, Intelligent Generation LLC. "Our patented software enables S&C's PureWave Community Energy Storage system to operate as a virtual power plant, and help system owners, like S S&C's system passed with an average performance score of 97 percent. "The system is now participating in the market on a daily basis," says Tim Qualheim, Vice President - Strategic Solutions, S&C. "Our doors are open, and we are excited to welcome customers, industry professionals and regulators to see how we are making this system work for the grid and how to maximize the multiple benefits of energy storage." S&C is a world-leading provider of solutions to connect energy storage systems to the grid. S&C's PureWave CES and PureWave(R) SMS Storage Management Systems utilize sophisticated power electronics and software to manage charging and discharging of battery-based systems. S&C also offers a complete suite of services for designing, deploying and maintaining these energy storage systems. Today, S&C solutions are connecting more than 146 megawatt-hours of energy storage to power systems around the world which equates to 20 percent of the world's battery energy storage capacity. About S&C Electric CompanyS&C, with global headquarters in Chicago, USA, is applying its heritage of innovation to address challenges facing the world's power grids and is thus shaping the future of reliable electricity delivery. The mission of employee-owned S&C is to continually develop new solutions for electricity delivery, fostering the improved efficiency and reliability required for the intelligent grid. Additional information about S"> S" title="Call with Google Voice">312-233-1317 312-860-1777 monica.mackay@edelman.com jay@intelgen.com SOURCE S&C Electric Company
New nuclear build is carbon lighter than fossil fuels but not as light as some renewables.
All renewables have a carbon impact, but it varies enormously from technology to technology. For example, much electricity is used for water heating. Solar water heating has negligible carbon emssions associated and can provide 30-50% of hot water over a year, depending on the location and orientation.
Electricity is used for space heating, and so is gas. Again, with new buildings, passive solar designs and high efficiency can reduce to almost zero the amount of fuel required. Heat pumps can triple the value of the energy input.
Figures from the LCBP show solar water heating was by far the renewable energy installation of choice for householders obtaining this grant. At the end of May, the figures showed that since it launched in April 2006 the LCBP has directly funded 2175 installations on homes, including 1467 (over two thirds) solar thermal heating systems, 313 (14%) solar PV projects and 242 (11%) mini-turbines.
That proves its popularity and effectiveness. The Energy Act should make it mandatory that all new buildings install this technology, and set retrofit targets. But as far as I can see it doesn't even mention this technology.
Space and water heating counts for 83% of domestic energy use (BNDH12, quoted in EST's Rise of the Machine, page 14) and about the same for office use. Together, offices and homes account for around 35% of UK energy use. Ie, 28% of total UK energy use.
Providing 40% of this by passive solar, solar water heating, heat pumps, domestic CHP, and woodchip/pellet boilers, would account for a significant proportion of the amount of power requirement as that required to compensate for the loss of old nuclear power stations.
It would have almost as great an impact in a shorter time scale and far cheaper but with little environmental impact than building new nuclear power stations, as well as creating more, sustainable jobs.
"The above forms my answer to question two of the government's nuclear consultation"
Source: renewable-technologies.blogspot.com
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[+] QUALFON BUILDING ONE OF THE LARGEST CONTACT CENTER CAMPUSES WITHIN THE WORLD IN GEORGETOWN, GUYANA AND GENERATING 6,000 NEW JOBS : September 04, 2013 -- Qualfon held a groundbreaking ceremony these days to celebrate the commence of construction on one of the largest contact center campuses in the
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The biggest power plant in the UK Drax's conversion to biomass condemned by campaigners.
By Anders Lorenzen"
What the UK government have described as a cleaner and greener future for British coal power plants, has been met with anger by campaigners.
The UK government is claiming that Drax, the UK's largest power plant, will be one of Europe's cleanest renewable energy generators. The power plant is in the process of being converted into burning biomass with the potential for new future generation on the site to be based on truly clean coal.Energy and Climate Change Secretary, Edward Davey, opened the Drax coal-to-biomass conversion plant, and announced the Government was awarding funding to further the White Rose CCS project, also based at the site. At Drax, the lb700 million planned conversion project will burn wood pellets rather than coal. Drax calculates that this will reduce carbon emissions by 80 per cent compared to coal. The facilities opened today will provide enough low carbon power to supply the equivalent of around 1 million homes, and help to safeguard 1,200 jobs and many more in the supply chain and in local communities.But this move have angered campaign group Biofuelwatch. The group are saying that the move could further worsen land grabbing in Brazil for eucalyptus plantations, which the company that runs Drax MGT Power have already been implicated in, and that Drax has been shown to have burnt pellets sourced from the clear-cutting of ancient wetland forests in the southern US.
Oliver Munnion, Biofuelwatch co-director said: "This announcement speaks volumes about the true nature of UK renewable energy policy. Billions are being thrown at old, inefficient coal-fired power stations in a desperate attempt to keep them generating, whilst new, equally inefficient dedicated plants implicated in land-grabbing are also receiving support. Burning 3 times as much wood as the UK produces every year is not the way to reduce emissions - it's a smoke screen for the business-as-usual agendas of Government and energy companies."
Biofuelwatch are today, together with Friends of the Earth, UKWIN (UK Without Incineration Network) and the Campaign against Climate Change, delivering a joint letter to HM Treasury, calling for biomass to electricity and incineration projects to be rejected from the 'pre-qualified' shortlist for loan guarantees under the UK Guarantee Scheme. The group says that in supporting these projects the Treasury is investing in increasing emissions and pollution, and destroying sensitive ecosystems.
Friends of the Earth's Kenneth Richter commented: "Far from being a green form of energy the burning of trees for electricity can result in even higher climate emissions than fossil fuels and poses a threat to the world's forests. Keeping dirty, outdated coal-fired power stations alive by now adding trees in the furnace is the worst possible outcome for the environment."
Meanwhile Ed Davey is convinced that biomass and investing in carbon and capture technology (CCS) will play a crucial role in lowering the UK's carbon emissions, at the opening of the power plant's project the Environment and Energy Secretary stated: "It's crucial that we safeguard our energy security by generating green electricity on UK soil that protects bill payers from volatile foreign energy imports."Our coal industry has powered Britain for more than a century, and today we're seeing a clear roadmap for its future - whether by converting existing coal plants to cleaner fuels, or building state-of-the-art power stations that mean coal is truly clean. While at the same time creating new green jobs for Yorkshire.'Sub edited by Charlotte Paton
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